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1.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 26(1): 132-136, Jan.-Mar. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1364914

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is rising in the whole world. Objective To access the prevalence and temporal trend of HPV infection in oropharyngeal cancer by analyzing the expression of the p16 protein. Methods We conducted a transversal study in a Brazilian reference oncology center. The sample consisted of 254 patients with OSCC. The analyzed period was from 2013 to 2017. All patients underwent p16 immunohistochemistry analysis. Results The overall prevalence of HPV-related OSCC was of 31.9%. During the analyzed period, we observed a trend of increasing rates of OSCC that marked positive for p16 immunohistochemistry. The annual prevalence of p16-positive cases was of 20.6% in 2013, 23.9% in 2014, 33.3% in 2015, 38.3% in 2016, and 34.2% in 2017. Most of the patients were stage III and IV (84%). Female patients (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003-5.888; p = 0.049) and younger patients (OR = 2.919; 95%CI: 1.682-5.067; p < 0.005) were associated with a higher risk of HPV-related OSCC. Tobacco consumption had a proportional lower risk of HPV-related OSCC (OR = 0.152; 95%CI: 0063-0.366; p < 0.005). Conclusion We observed an increasing prevalence of HPV-related OSCC in a specialized cancer hospital in Brazil.

2.
J. venom. anim. toxins incl. trop. dis ; 26: e20190058, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1135137

ABSTRACT

Lack of complete genomic data of Bothrops jararaca impedes molecular biology research focusing on biotechnological applications of venom gland components. Identification of full-length coding regions of genes is crucial for the correct molecular cloning design. Methods: RNA was extracted from the venom gland of one adult female specimen of Bothrops jararaca. Deep sequencing of the mRNA library was performed using Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. De novo assembly of B. jararaca transcriptome was done using Trinity. Annotation was performed using Blast2GO. All predicted proteins after clustering step were blasted against non-redundant protein database of NCBI using BLASTP. Metabolic pathways present in the transcriptome were annotated using the KAAS-KEGG Automatic Annotation Server. Toxins were identified in the B. jararaca predicted proteome using BLASTP against all protein sequences obtained from Animal Toxin Annotation Project from Uniprot KB/Swiss-Pro database. Figures and data visualization were performed using ggplot2 package in R language environment. Results: We described the in-depth transcriptome analysis of B. jararaca venom gland, in which 76,765 de novo assembled isoforms, 96,044 transcribed genes and 41,196 unique proteins were identified. The most abundant transcript was the zinc metalloproteinase-disintegrin-like jararhagin. Moreover, we identified 78 distinct functional classes of proteins, including toxins, inhibitors and tumor suppressors. Other venom proteins identified were the hemolytic lethal factors stonustoxin and verrucotoxin. Conclusion: It is believed that the application of deep sequencing to the analysis of snake venom transcriptomes may represent invaluable insight on their biotechnological potential focusing on candidate molecules.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Bothrops , Bothrops/physiology , Proteome , Crotalid Venoms , Gene Expression Profiling , Metalloproteases , Transcriptome , Molecular Biology , Cluster Analysis , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
3.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 81(6): 622-629, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-770215

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Patients submitted to radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancer have several symptoms, predominantly oral. The Vanderbilt Head and Neck Symptom Survey version 2.0 is an American tool developed to evaluate oral symptoms in head and neck cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to translate the Vanderbilt Head and Neck Symptom Survey version 2.0 into Brazilian Portuguese and cross-culturally adapt this tool for subsequent validation and application in Brazil. METHODS: A method used for the translation and cultural adaptation of tools, which included independent translations, synthesis of the translations, back-translations, expert committee, and pre-test, was used. The pre-test was performed with 37 head and neck cancer patients, who were divided into four groups, to assess the relevance and understanding of the assessed items. Data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. RESULTS: The overall mean of the content validity index was 0.79 for semantic and idiomatic equivalence, and it was higher than 0.8 for cultural and conceptual equivalence. The cognitive interview showed that patients were able to paraphrase the items, and considered them relevant and easily understood. CONCLUSION: The tool was translated and cross-culturally adapted to be used in Brazil. The authors believe this translation is suited for validation.


RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes submetidos à radioterapia para tratamento de câncer de cabeça e pescoço apresentam diversos sintomas, com predominância de sintomas orais. O Vanderbilt Head and Neck Symptom Survey version 2.0 é um instrumento americano que foi desenvolvido para avaliar sintomas orais em pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço submetidos à radioterapia. OBJETIVO: Traduzir o Vanderbilt Head and Neck Symptom Survey version 2.0 e adaptá-lo culturalmente para subsequente validação e aplicação no Brasil. MÉTODO: Um método de tradução e adaptação cultural de instrumentos foi utilizado, o qual inclui traduções independentes, síntese das traduções, retrotraduções, comitê de especialistas e pré-teste. O pré-teste foi realizado em 37 pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço divididos em quatro grupos para avaliar a relevância e entendimento dos itens. Dados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: A média geral do índice de validade de conteúdo foi 0,79 para as equivalências semânticas e idiomáticas; e maior que 0,8 para as equivalências cultural e conceitual. A entrevista cognitiva mostrou que os pacientes foram capazes de parafrasear os itens e os consideravam relevante e de fácil entendimento. CONCLUSÃO: O instrumento foi traduzido e adaptado culturalmente ao Brasil. Nós acreditamos que esta tradução está apta para a validação.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Surveys and Questionnaires , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cultural Characteristics , Language , Translations
4.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 61(3): 275-281, May-Jun/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-753169

ABSTRACT

Summary The aim of this study is to describe the biogenesis of microRNA, its relations with carcinogenesis, and the correlation between microRNA and ionizing radiation (IR), focusing on radioresponsiveness. It is known that microRNA biogenesis is well established and involves different enzymatic cleavages, resulting in the production of mature microRNA. MicroRNAs are involved in carcinogenesis. Their interaction is related to the genetic and epigenetic changes associated with activation of proto-oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Several studies have shown that the levels of expression of some microRNAs vary significantly after irradiation. There are evidences that microRNAs can influence cellular response after IR. In addition, microRNAs are related to modulation of the expression of several post-transcriptional targets in DNA damage response pathways, and to the DNA damage repair regulation mechanism. Future studies can clarify a possible clinical use of microRNAs as a new class of radiosensitive agents.


Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo é descrever a biogênese do microRNA, suas relações na carcinogênese e a correlação do microRNA com a radiação ionizante (RI), com enfoque na radiorresponsividade. Observou-se que a biogênese do microRNA está bem estabelecida e envolve diversas clivagens enzimáticas que resultam na produção do microRNA maduro. Os microRNAs estão envolvidos na carcinogênese. Sua interação está relacionada às alterações genéticas e epigenéticas, associadas à ativação de proto- -oncogenes ou à inativação de genes supressores de tumor. Vários estudos demonstraram que os níveis de expressão de alguns microRNAs variam significativamente após a irradiação. Há evidências de que os microRNAs podem influenciar a resposta celular após a RI. Além disso, os microRNAs estão relacionados à modulação da expressão de vários alvos de pós-transcrição das vias de resposta aos danos no DNA e o do mecanismo de regulação de reparação de danos do DNA. Estudos futuros podem elucidar uma possível utilização clínica dos microRNAs como uma nova classe de agentes radiossensíveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , MicroRNAs , Radiation, Ionizing , DNA Damage , DNA Repair/radiation effects , MicroRNAs/biosynthesis , MicroRNAs/physiology , MicroRNAs/radiation effects , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiation-Sensitizing Agents , RNA Cleavage , Transcription Factors/metabolism
5.
Rev. bioét. (Impr.) ; 23(3): 456-467, 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish, English | LILACS | ID: lil-768363

ABSTRACT

O uso de placebo em pesquisa clínica tem sido motivo de debate nos últimos anos, sobretudo após a Associação Médica Mundial publicar, em 2002, nota de esclarecimento do parágrafo 29 da Declaração de Helsinki. O Brasil tem se destacado por sua posição firme e contrária ao uso flexível de placebo. Tanto o Conselho Federal de Medicina quanto o Conselho Nacional de Saúde editaram resoluções que normatizam seu uso no Brasil, de forma a não admiti-lo em caso da existência de um método terapêutico melhor. O presente artigo reforça essa posição e tem por objetivo descrever as diversas aplicações de placebo em pesquisa clínica, bem como trazer à luz a complexa decisão sobre a eticidade de seu uso. Além disso, os autores propõem uma reflexão acerca da utilização de placebo no âmbito da pesquisa, por meio de algoritmos decisórios baseados nas normativas éticas brasileiras...


The use of placebos in clinical research has been a matter of considerable debate in recent years, notably when the World Medical Association published, in 2002, a note of clarification for paragraph 29 of the Helsinki Declaration. Brazil is known for its strong opposition to the flexible use of placebos. Both the Federal Council of Medicine and the National Health Council have published resolutions regulating the use of placebos in Brazil, preventing their use if there is a more effective therapeutic method already in place. The present study reinforces that position and aims to describe the various uses of placebos in clinical research, as well as examining the complex decisions relating to the ethics of their use. Additionally, the authors propose a reflection on the use of placebos through decision-making algorithms based on Brazilian ethical standards...


El uso del placebo en la investigación clínica ha sido un tema de debate en los últimos años, sobre todo después de que la Asociación Médica Mundial publicara, en 2002, una nota aclaratoria del párrafo 29 de la Declaración de Helsinki. Brasil se ha destacado por su firme posición en contra de la utilización flexible del placebo. Tanto el Consejo Federal de Medicina como el Consejo Nacional de Salud editaron resoluciones que regulan el uso del placebo en Brasil, no admitiéndose su uso cuando existe un mejor método terapéutico. El presente artículo refuerza esa posición y tiene como objetivo describir diferentes usos del placebo en la investigación clínica, así como contribuir en la discusión sobre la ética de su uso. Además, los autores proponen una reflexión sobre el uso del placebo en la investigación a través de algoritmos para la toma de decisiones, los cuales se basan en las normativas éticas de Brasil...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Algorithms , Bioethics , Clinical Trials as Topic , Placebos , Decision Support Techniques , Ethics, Research , Helsinki Declaration , Human Rights , Ethicists , Methodology as a Subject
6.
J. appl. oral sci ; 22(3): 218-227, May-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-711715

ABSTRACT

Stem cell-based regenerative medicine is one of the most intensively researched medical issues. Pre-clinical studies in a large-animal model, especially in swine or miniature pigs, are highly relevant to human applications. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated and expanded from different sources. Objective: This study aimed at isolating and characterizing, for the first time, bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) from a Brazilian minipig (BR1). Also, this aimed to validate a new large-animal model for stem cell-based tissue engineering. Material and Methods: Bone marrow (BM) was aspirated from the posterior iliac crest of twelve adult male BR1 under general anesthesia. MSCs were selected by plastic-adherence as originally described by Friedenstein. Cell morphology, surface marker expression, and cellular differentiation were examined. The immunophenotypic profile was determined by flow cytometry. The differentiation potential was assessed by cytological staining and by RT-PCR. Results: MSCs were present in all minipig BM samples. These cells showed fibroblastic morphology and were positive for the surface markers CD90 (88.6%), CD29 (89.8%), CD44 (86.9%) and negative for CD34 (1.61%), CD45 (1.83%), CD14 (1.77%) and MHC-II (2.69%). MSCs were differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondroblasts as demonstrated by the presence of lipidic-rich vacuoles, the mineralized extracellular matrix, and the great presence of glycosaminoglycans, respectively. The higher gene expression of adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein (AP2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen type 2 (COLII) also confirmed the trilineage differentiation (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.031; respectively). Conclusions: The isolation, cultivation, and differentiation of BM-MSCs from BR1 makes this animal eligible as a useful large-animal model for stem cell-based studies in Brazil. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology , Models, Animal , Swine, Miniature , Tissue Engineering/methods , Antigens, CD/analysis , Brazil , Cell Culture Techniques , Cell Differentiation , Cell Survival , Cells, Cultured , Flow Cytometry , Reproducibility of Results , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Swine
7.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 17(2): 163-167, Apr.-June 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-670354

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Radiotherapy (RT) of head and neck neoplasms often damages the salivary glands. AIM: To examine the pattern of morphologic changes resulting from RT of the head and neck region in minipig parotid glands in a clinical and experimental research setting. METHODS: Twelve 18-month-old male Brazilian minipigs weighing 30-40 kg were selected. Eight minipigs were assigned to the experimental group (group 1) and 4 to the control group (group 2). The RT was performed under general anesthesia at Erasto Gaertner Hospital, Curitiba, Brazil, using an á/â ratio of 2.5. The minipigs from group 1 underwent 3 sessions of irradiation with Cobalt 60 of the head and neck, bilaterally, with 3 exposures of 8 Gy each at 7-day intervals for a total dose of 24 Gy. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks post-RT. RESULTS: The irradiated parotid glands displayed reductions in the size and number of acini as well as loss of secretory granules. The presence of fibrosis and loss of parenchyma relative to non-irradiated glands were observed, with an average reduction in volume of 54%. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that this model for parotid gland damage resulting from an RT regimen appears to be useful for preclinical large animal studies of RT-induced damage and testing novel potential treatment options. Although recent advances in radiation therapy, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy, have reduced the dose and limited the field of radiation, considerable salivary gland injury still occurs and can greatly impact the patient's quality of life after cancer treatment.


Subject(s)
Animals , Salivary Glands/radiation effects , Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Brazil , Swine, Miniature , Xerostomia
8.
Appl. cancer res ; 32(4): 106-110, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, Inca | ID: lil-706008

ABSTRACT

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of SPECT-CT for the determination of the anatomical locations of the cervical 131Iodine uptake areas during 131Iodine-whole body (131I-WB) scans. Methods: One hundred fifty-four patients who had undergone total thyroidectomyfor differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and had 131I-WB scan with cervical uptake images were studied with SPECT-CT, from March 2003 to October 2006. Results: From the 154patients included, 124 were women (80.5%) and the mean age of 46.09 ± 14.77 years. 131I-WB was performed 1-2 months after surgery in 137 patients (89.0%). The percentage of cervical uptake found varied between 0.1 and 15.0% and its mean was 1.42 ± 2.05%. Using SPECT-CT, 223 foci of cervical 131Iodine uptake (CIU) were identified in 154 patients. CIU foci were localized to the thyroid bed in 17 patients, while 29 patients presented with CIU in the thyroid bed and the extra thyroid tissue and in both the thyroid bed and extra thyroid tissues in another 29 patients. Inthe remaining 108 subjects, the CIU were located outside of the thyroid bed, of which the most common locations were the sternothyroid muscle and the thyroid cartilage. Conclusions: The useof SPECT-CT demonstrated significant diversity in the anatomical locations of CIU foci observed during 131I-WB scans after thyroidectomy for DTC


Subject(s)
Humans , Iodine , Thyroid Neoplasms , Radioisotopes , Thyroidectomy , Tomography, Emission-Computed , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
9.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 15(2): 109-115, Mar.-Apr. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-582411

ABSTRACT

Surgical-site infection (SSI) is the most prevalent type of hospital infection in surgical patients and is associated with an increase in hospital stay, costs and morbidity/lethality. The knowledge of the main risk factors for this type of infection is important for the establishment of prevention measures regarding modifiable risks factors. The objective of the preset study was to assess the occurrence of SSI and study the risk factors in oncologic surgeries of the digestive system at Hospital de Câncer in Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil. Individuals undergoing oncologic surgeries of the digestive system in the period of 08/01/2007 to 08/10/2008 were prospectively followed for 30 days after surgery. Possible risk factors related to the patient and to the surgical procedure were also studied. A total of 210 surgeries were analyzed, with a global SSI incidence of 23.8 percent. The following variables were independently associated with SSI: time and type of surgery, radiotherapy before surgery and surgeon's years of experience. The risk factors found in this study have been described by other authors and are not amenable to intervention for SSI prevention. Further studies are recommended with the objective of investigating interventions that could reduce the risk for SSI in this type of surgery.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Digestive System Neoplasms/surgery , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Brazil , Incidence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control
10.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 39(3)jul.-set. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-570091

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A ressecção dos vasos carotídeos devido aparagangliomas é um procedimento de exceção. Pacientese Método: Os prontuários médicos de 39 pacientes foramrevisados retrospectivamente. Em seis casos, a ressecção daartéria carótida interna foi realizada para remoção completado tumor. Resultados: Havia três pacientes masculinos e trêsfemininos. A idade ao diagnóstico variava de 23 a 46 anos,com mediana de 28 anos. Em cinco pacientes, o tumor eraunilateral, sendo quatro à direita e um a esquerda. Um pacienteapresentava tumor bilateral. A avaliação pré-operatória foirealizada por tomografia computadorizada em todos os pacientese, em três casos, associou-se a angiografia. Em seis pacientes,não foi possível a dissecção através do plano subadventicial ea ressecção vascular foi necessária para remoção completado tumor. Optou-se pelo uso de um enxerto de safena ouprótese sem uso de shunts temporários. O tempo médio declampeamento dos vasos foi de 35 minutos. Apenas um pacienteapresentou complicação neurológica pós-operatória e estafoi temporária. Não houve qualquer caso de lesão isquêmicacerebral ou sequela permanente, bem como recorrências locaisou metástases a distância. Conclusão: Em alguns pacientes, oplano subadventicial estará obliterado pelo tumor. Nesta situação,a remoção completa do tumor pode exigir ressecção da artériacarótida interna. A nossa escolha, nestes casos, é a reconstruçãoimediata com o uso de um enxerto de veia safena e sem o uso deshunts temporários.


Introduction: Vascular resection due to paragangliomas is arare procedure. Patients and Method: The medical charts of39 patients were retrospectively reviewed. In six patients, theinternal carotid artery was resected for complete removal of thetumor. Result: There were three males and three females. Age atdiagnosis ranged from 23 to 46 years (median, 28 years). In fivepatients, there was a unilateral tumor, four on the right side andone on the left and one patient presented a bilateral tumor. Preoperativeevaluation was performed through CT scan in all patientsand angiography in three. Dissection through the subadventittialplane wasn?t possible in six patients and vascular resection wasnecessary for complete tumor removal. Saphenous vein grafts orprotheses were used in all patients, with a mean clamp time of 35minutes. One patient presented a transient neurologic sequela. Nopermanent deficit or ischemic stroke was recorded. Conclusion:The subadventitial plane may be obliterated in some patientsand complete tumor removal will mandate internal carotid arteryresection. Our choice in these cases is immediate reconstructionwith a saphenous vein or prothesis interposition between thevascular stumps.

11.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 76(2): 251-256, mar.-abr. 2010. graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-548333

ABSTRACT

Nos primeiros três anos após o tratamento dos pacientes com carcinomas epidermoides de vias aerodigestivas superiores (VADS), observa-se elevada incidência de recidivas. Depois do terceiro ano, o aparecimento de um segundo tumor primário (STP) torna-se importante causa de morbi-mortalidade. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência e o perfil dos STP em pacientes com carcinoma epidermoide de VADS tratados com intenção curativa. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo retrospectivo em que foram analisadas a incidência, localização e tratamento dos STP e calculada sobrevida. RESULTADOS: Dos 624 casos analisados, 59 (9,4 por cento) tiveram STP durante o seguimento (4 sincrônicos e 55 metacrônicos). A sobrevida livre de STP variou de 2 a 191,3 meses (mediana, 42,5 meses). Em 20 casos (33,9 por cento) o STP foi diagnosticado após o quinto ano de seguimento. O local mais acometido por STP foi a mucosa das VADS (49,1 por cento), seguida pelo pulmão (22,0 por cento) e pelo esôfago (11,9 por cento). A melhor sobrevida pós-STP foi dos casos de STP nas VADS (32,2 por cento em 5 anos, mediana 16,2 meses). CONCLUSÃO: Nos pacientes avaliados a incidência de STP foi de 9,4 por cento. Em 33,9 por cento dos casos o STP foi diagnosticado após o quinto ano de seguimento. A localização mais frequente dos STP foi a mucosa das VADS.


In the first three years after treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT), there is a high incidence of recurrences. After the third year, the occurrence of second primary tumor (SPT) is an important cause of morbimortality. AIM: To evaluate the incidence and the characteristics of the SPT in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of UADT, treated with curative intention. METHODS: Retrospective study where the incidence, localization and treatment of SPT had been analyzed and survival rates were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 624 analyzed cases, 59 (9.4 percent) had SPT during follow-up (4 synchronous and 55 metachronous). The SPT free survival rate ranged from 2 to 191.3 months (median of 42.5 months). In 20 cases (33.9 percent) the SPT was diagnosed after the fifth year of follow-up. The most frequent site of STP was the UADT mucosa (49.1 percent), followed by the lungs (22.0 percent) and the esophagus (11.9 percent). The best survival after-SPT occurred in cases of UADT STP (32.2 percent in 5 years, median 16.2 months). CONCLUSION: The STP incidence was 9.4 percent. In 33.9 percent of the cases, the SPT was diagnosed after the fifth year of follow-up. The most frequent localization of STP was the UADT mucosa.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Mouth Neoplasms/therapy , Neoplasms, Second Primary , Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms/therapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Disease-Free Survival , Follow-Up Studies , Incidence , Mouth Neoplasms/mortality , Mouth Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Staging , Neoplasms, Second Primary/mortality , Neoplasms, Second Primary/pathology , Neoplasms, Second Primary/therapy , Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms/mortality , Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Young Adult
12.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 39(1)jan.-mar. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-570074

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Há, na literatura, poucos artigos que abordam a cirurgia de resgate do carcinoma epidermoide do seio maxilar. Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados da cirurgia de resgate em pacientes com carcinoma epidermoide do seio maxilar. Método: Análise retrospectiva dos pacientes tratados em hospital oncológico terciário no período de janeiro de 1985 e dezembro de 2005. Resultados: Trinta e seis pacientes foram inclusos nesta série. A idade média era de 54,4 +/- 15,8 anos. A recidiva foi classificada como rT1 em 2 casos (5,5%), rT2 em 1 caso (2,8%), rT3 em 7 casos (19,4%) e rT4a em 26 casos (72.2%). O tratamentoprévio foi: cirurgia em 25 casos (69,44%), cirurgia e radioterapia adjuvante em 7 casos (19,44%), quimioterapia e radioterapia em 3 casos (8,33%) e radioterapia em 1 caso (2,78%). Ao final do seguimento, 11 pacientes (30,5%) não apresentavam doença em atividade, 22 haviam falecido por progressão da doença(61,0%) e 3 (8,3%) por outras causas. Foram significativos na análise univariada: tratamento prévio realizado, necessidade de abordagem craniofacial e a situação das margens cirúrgicas. A única variável significativa após a realização de análise multivariada foi a presença de margens livres (HR:3,03, 95% CI: 1,24 - 7,37, p=0,014). Conclusões: A cirurgia de resgate do carcinoma epidermoide do seio maxilar deve ser considerada, apresentando sobrevida em 5 anos de 40% nesta série. O fator significativo para sobrevida foi a presença de margens livres, enfatizando a necessidade de cirurgia oncologicamente adequada.


Introduction: There are few reports in literature about salvage surgery for maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma. Objective: Evaluation of surgical salvage in patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus. Method: Retrospective analysis of patients treated at a single tertiary cancer center from January 1985 to December 2005. Results: Thirty-six patients were included. Mean age was 54.4 +/- 15.8 years. Recurrence was staged as rT1 in 2 patients (5,5%), rT2 in 1 patient (2,8%), rT3 in 7 patients (19,4%) and rT4a in 26 patients (72.2%). Previous treatment was: surgery in 25 patients (69,44%), surgery and radiotherapy in 7 patients (19,44%), chemotherapy in 3 patients (8,33%) and radiotherapy in 1 patient (2,78%). At the end of followup, 11 patients (30,5%) were alive with no evidence of disease, 22 were dead due to disease progression (61,0%) e 3 (8,3%) by other causes. Significant factors in univariate analysis were: previous treatment, craniofacial surgery and surgical margins status. In multivariate analysis, only compromised surgical margins remained significant (HR:3,03, 95% CI: 1,24 - 7,37, p=0,014). Conclusion: Salvage surgery should be considered, presenting a 40% Five-year survival rate. The impact of surgical margins status emphasizes the need for adequate oncological resection.

13.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 75(5): 634-641, Sept.-Oct. 2009. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-530084

ABSTRACT

Cisplatin is used frequently as an antineoplastic drug in the treatment of many different cancers. However, when used in doses over 360mg/m², ototoxicity may ensue, resulting in loss of hearing. Criteria for identifying and quantifying hearing loss have been devised. AIM: To describe the features of different hearing loss classification systems and to identify their implications and use in oncologic patients. METHOD: Hearing loss was classified in 31 patients before and after chemotherapy, according to different criteria, assessing the sensitivity and specificity of each classification system. RESULTS: Hearing loss results were highly variable (ranging from 29 percent to 61 percent). Only 4 of 31 subjects with post-therapy hearing loss were identified by all the methods. A few subjects with hearing loss were classified as normal hearing in some of the criteria. A normal PTA was found in 18 of 31 subjects in the post-treatment evaluation. CONCLUSION: None of the criteria assesses the complaints of patients. The criteria described in this study were inadequate to identify hearing loss following chemotherapy, requiring additional information for physicians to better understand the hearing losses and their implications for the quality of life of patients.


A cisplatina é um antineoplásico muito utilizado no tratamento de diferentes neoplasias, porém quando utilizada em doses acima de 360mg/m² pode causar ototoxicidade. Esta produz lesões cocleares que resultam em perda auditiva. Existem critérios que visam identificar e quantificar as perdas auditivas. OBJETIVO: Descrever as características das classificações e identificar implicações e aplicações de cada uma, dentro das necessidades do acompanhamento ao paciente oncológico. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Avaliamos 31 pacientes pré e pós-tratamento quimioterápico. Classificamos as perdas auditivas de acordo com os critérios e verificamos a sensibilidade e especificidade de cada um. RESULTADO: Houve grande variabilidade na detecção das alterações auditivas (de 29 por cento a 61 por cento). Somente 4 dos 31 indivíduos com alterações auditivas no exame pós-tratamento foram identificados por todos os critérios. Por vezes o indivíduo portador de perda auditiva era classificado com normal por algum critério. Dos 31 indivíduos, 18 apresentaram PTA normal no exame pós-tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: Nenhum dos critérios considera a queixa do paciente. Os critérios descritos mostraram inadequações para descrever as alterações auditivas encontradas, fazendo-se necessária a descrição de informações adicionais, para que o médico compreendesse a natureza da perda auditiva. É importante o refinamento desses instrumentos para melhor compreensão e tratamento dos pacientes oncológicos, assim como de sua qualidade de vida.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Cisplatin/adverse effects , Hearing Disorders/chemically induced , Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Cisplatin/administration & dosage , Diagnostic Techniques, Otological , Hearing Disorders/classification , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Prospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Young Adult
14.
In. Jotz, Geraldo Pereira; Carrara-De-Angelis, Elisabete; Barros, Ana Paula Brandão. Tratado da deglutição e disfagia: no adulto e na criança. Rio de Janeiro, Revinter, 2009. p.188-200, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-554988
15.
In. Jotz, Geraldo Pereira; Carrara-De-Angelis, Elisabete; Barros, Ana Paula Brandão. Tratado da deglutição e disfagia: no adulto e na criança. Rio de Janeiro, Revinter, 2009. p.208-211, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-554991
16.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 38(4)out.-dez. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-536536

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Um dos grandes avanços modernos na cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço foi a introdução das técnicas de reconstrução na especialidade, que ampliou as possibilidades de ressecção radical e reconstrução imediata. A utilização da rotação do retalho da glândula submandibular foi descrito para correção cirúrgica da laringe e hipofaringe. Entretanto, não encontramos descrita na literatura a utilização desse retalho para correção de defeitos cirúrgicos da cavidade oral e orofaringe em cirurgias oncológicas de cabeça e pescoço. Objetivo: Descrever a técnica de rotação do retalho de glândula submandibular para reconstrução de defeito cirúrgico na cavidade oral e orofaringe e os resultados dessa reconstrução. Métodos: Este é um estudo retrospectivo que inclui 16 pacientes submetidos ao retalho da glândula submandibular entre setembro de 2007 a fevereiro de 2009. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes era do gênero masculino, com idade média de 55 anos. Encontramos 43,75% T3; e 56,25% T4. Oito pacientes (50%) apresentavam-se com linfonodos metastáticos. Houve seis (37,5%) complicações locais: um seroma, uma deiscência parcial e osteonecrose, uma fístula salivar e três infecções. No seguimento, um paciente apresentou recidiva local e um caso de recidiva cervical em partes moles. Conclusão: A rotação do retalho de glândula submandibular é factível e viável para correção de defeitos cirúrgicos da cavidade oral e orofaringe, apresentando baixa morbidade e sendo realizada em tempo cirúrgico satisfatório. Essa técnica pode ser considerada uma opção de reconstrução, em casos selecionados, sem comprometer o caráter oncológico das cirurgias.


Introdution: One of the greatest advances in the modern era of head and neck surgery was the introduction of reconstructive techniques, which allowed for larger oncological resections followed by immediate reconstruction. The use of submandibular gland flap has been described for surgical defect in larynx and hypopharynx. However, we did not find its use for oral cavity surgical and oropharynx defects after head and neck oncologic surgery. Objective: To describe the technique of the submandibular gland flap for oral cavity and oropharynx reconstruction and its preliminary results. Methods: This is a retrospective study including 16 patients who underwent this reconstruction during the period from September 2007 to February 2009. Results: The majority of the cases were men with an average age of 55 years. There were staged as T3 in 43.75%; and 56.25% T4. Eight patients (50%) presented with lymph node metastasis. We observed 6 (37.5%) local postoperative complications being 1 seroma, 1 fistula, 3 local infections and 1 partial dehiscence with osteonecrose. During the follow up period 1 patient presented with local tumor recurrence and 1 regional recurrence was observed. Conclusion: The submandibular gland flap is feasible for selected oral cavity surgical and oropharynx defects presenting with low morbidity and in a reasonable time. This technique could be considered as an option for selected cases after head and neck oncologic surgery.

17.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 37(1): 15-19, jan.-mar. 2008. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-482636

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico do câncer de cabeça e pescoço é de fundamental importância para o entendimento de seus aspectos etiológicos e planejamento de atenção àsaúde relacionada a cada tipo específico destas neoplasias. Objetivo: avaliar a tendência do perfil epidemiológico de 16.603 pacientes portadores de câncer de cabeça e pescoço registradosna Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo (FOSP) no período de 2000 a 2006. Métodos: as informações foram obtidas através do banco público, disponível on-line, do Registro Hospitalar de Câncerda FOSP. Para a análise de tendência, utilizou-se a regressão linear. Resultados: as tendências no perfil epidemiológico observadas foram: a) residência no Estado SP – 93,6% em 2000 e 92,9% em 2006 (p=0,519); b) gênero masculino – 82,3% e 84,3%(p=0,708); c) idade abaixo dos 55 anos – 42,1% e 38,9% (p=0,019);d) analfabetos/1o grau incompleto – 45,4% e 46,3% (p=0,539); e)sem diagnóstico/sem tratamento prévio – 65,7% e 68,8%(p=0,710); f) estádio clínico avançado (EC III e IV) ao diagnóstico –75,0% e 74,2% (p=0,264); g) topografia: nasofaringe – 3,0% e 4,0%(p=0,043); demais sítio (p=NS). Observou-se mudança naproporção de casos novos em relação à idade e topografia, noentanto, não houve alteração do estadiamento clínico aodiagnóstico, com 3/4 dos pacientes sendo diagnosticados comdoença em estádio clínico avançado (EC III e IV). Conclusão:prevenção primária e diagnóstico precoce continuam a ser umdesafio para mudança no prognóstico do câncer de cabeça epescoço no Estado de São Paulo.


Introduction: the effective knowledge of the epidemiological profile of the head and neck cancer is crucial for understanding the etiologic features and healthcare planning linked to each type of neoplasm. Objective: to assess the tendency of the epidemiologicalprofile of 16,603 patients with head and neck cancer listed in FOSP (Fundação Oncocentro de São Paulo) between 2000 and 2006. Methods: all the information was taken from the publicdatabase available online, of the FOSP Cancer Hospital Registry.The linear regression was used for trend analysis. Results: the following tendencies could be observed: a) living in São Paulo State – 93.6% in 2000 and 92.9% in 2006 (p=0.519); b) males – 82.3 and 84.3% (p=0.708); c) aged under 55-years old – 42.1% and 38.9%(p=0.019); d) illiterate/elementary education – 45.4% and 46.3%(p=0.539); e) without previous diagnosis and treatment – 65.7% e68.8% (p=0.710) f) advanced stage at diagnosis (CS III and IV) – 75.0% and 74.2% (p=0.264); g) topography: nasopharynx – 3.0% and 4.0% (p=0.043); other areas (p=NS). A proportional change in age and tumor site has been seen in new cases; however similar clinical stages at diagnosis have been observed, amounting to ¾ of patients being diagnosed with advanced clinical stages (CS III and IV). Conclusion: the primary prevention and early diagnosticremain a challenge for change the clinical outcome of head andneck cancer in São Paulo State.

18.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 36(2)abr.-jun. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-482662

ABSTRACT

A avaliação de qualidade de vida tornou-se uma importante ferramenta na avaliação do impacto da doença, saúde e tratamento. A identificação dos efeitos da doença e tratamento na vida dos pacientes pode resultar em mudanças nos procedimentos terapêuticos e de reabilitação e, conseqüentemente, pode auxiliar o médico e o paciente na decisão terapêutica. Nos últimos 15 anos, muitos instrumentos para avaliar a qualidade de vida específica para pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço foram validados. Os questionários são multidimensionais, variando quanto ao número de questões globais divididas em domínios físico, sócio-familiar, funcional e emocional ou, ainda, em questões específicas relacionadas à aparência, dor, fala, mastigação, deglutição, paladar e saliva, entre outros. Os questionários são auto-aplicativos podendo ser ocasionalmente aplicados por entrevistadores treinados e refletem os efeitos da presença do tumor, do tratamento e a habilidade do paciente em lidar com as seqüelas após o tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar e discutir os questionários de qualidade de vida específica para o câncer de cabeça e pescoço mais utilizados em estudos da área e validados na população brasileira.


Measuring quality of life is an important toll in the evaluation of the impact of the disease, health and treatment in a population. The identification and description of the effects due to the disease and treatment in the life of the patients may result in changes on the treatment planning and rehabilitation and so can assist both the physician and patient in deciding the treatment. In the last 15 years many questionnaires have been validated to evaluate the specific quality of life related to head and neck cancer. The questionnaires are multidimensional, evaluating the global and specific quality the life based on domains that include many aspects: physical, socio-familial, functional, emotional, and yet questions related to the treatment including appearance, pain, speech, mastication, swallowing, saliva among others. These questionnaires are mainly self-reported, it also may be done, occasionally, a trained interviewer, and reflect the effects of the disease, its treatment and the ability of the patient to copy with the disease and its sequels. The aim of this study is to present and discuss the quality of life questionnaires specific for head and neck cancer that are widely used and are validated in the Brazilian population.

19.
Rev. bras. cancerol ; 53(1): 35-39, jan.-mar. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-508256

ABSTRACT

O melanoma de mucosa oral (MMO) é uma neoplasia de baixa prevalência, representando cerca de 0,5 por cento de todos os tumores malignos orais. Caracteriza-se pela proliferação atípica de melanócitos, com crescimento vertical agressivo e possível surgimento de lesões-satélites. Os sintomas mais comuns são sangramento, dor local e amolecimento dentário; podendo, entretanto, ser assintomático. O diagnóstico é obtido através de biopsia da lesão. Atualmente, a melhor opção para o tratamento é a cirurgia; entretanto, há controvérsias quanto à extensão da ressecção e a utilização de radioterapia e/ou quimioterapia adjuvante. O prognóstico é reservado, guardando relação direta com o tamanho e a profundidade da lesão, e a presença ou não de invasão vascular, necrose,população de células tumorais polimorfas e comprometimento linfonodal. A sobrevida em cinco anos para MMO é de 15 por cento; especificamente, no palato, é de apenas 11 por cento com média de 22 meses. Este estudo relata o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, encaminhado ao Departamento de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço e Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital do Câncer A.C. Camargo, com lesão pigmentada no palato duro à esquerda, já biopsiada e sugestiva de melanoma. O exame clínico não revelou presença de linfonodos cervicais palpáveis ou outra lesão cutânea ou mucosa. Foi realizada maxilarectomia esquerda seguida de reconstrução de palato, utilizando-se retalho microcirúrgico fasciocutâneo lateral do braço. Houve a necessidade de proceder ao esvaziamento cervical supraomo-hióideo pelo achado intra-operatório de um linfonodo acometido na região submandibular esquerda. Após acirurgia, o paciente foi encaminhado à radioterapia adjuvante.


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Melanoma , Mouth Mucosa , Mouth Neoplasms , Palate , Prognosis
20.
Appl. cancer res ; 26(3): 80-80, July-Sept. 2006.
Article in English | LILACS, Inca | ID: lil-478277

Subject(s)
Humans , Neoplasms
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